Preheat your oven: Set to 375°F (190°C). Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish with nonstick spray or a light coating of oil.
Sauté the aromatics (optional but flavorful): In a small pan, melt 1 tablespoon of the butter over medium heat.
Cook the onion with a pinch of salt until soft, 3–4 minutes. Add garlic and cook 30 seconds more. This step adds depth but you can skip and add onion/garlic raw if you’re short on time.
Mix the base: In a large bowl, whisk the chicken broth, cream of chicken soup, sour cream, salt, pepper, paprika, and thyme until smooth.
Add the rice and veggies: Stir in the uncooked long-grain rice and the frozen peas and carrots.
Mix well so the rice is evenly coated.
Fold in the chicken and cheese: Add the cooked chicken, cheddar, mozzarella (if using), and the sautéed onion/garlic. Combine gently.
Assemble: Pour the mixture into the prepared baking dish and spread into an even layer. Cover tightly with foil to trap moisture—this helps the rice cook through.
Bake covered: Bake for 40–45 minutes.
Check that most of the liquid is absorbed and the rice is nearly tender.
Add the topping: Remove the foil. Stir the casserole gently to redistribute moisture. Sprinkle an extra handful of cheddar on top, plus Parmesan if you like.
Drizzle or dot with the remaining melted butter for a golden finish.
Bake uncovered: Return to the oven for 10–15 minutes, until the top is melted and lightly browned and the rice is fully tender. If needed, broil for 1–2 minutes to brown the cheese—watch closely.
Rest and serve: Let the casserole rest 5–10 minutes so it sets. Taste and adjust salt and pepper.
Serve warm.