Preheat the oven: Set to 375°F (190°C). Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish or a similar casserole pan.
Cook the noodles: Boil in well-salted water until just shy of al dente. Drain and set aside.
They’ll finish in the oven, so don’t overcook.
Sauté the aromatics: In a large skillet, melt 3 tablespoons butter over medium heat. Add onion and celery. Cook 4–5 minutes until softened.
Add mushrooms if using and cook until they release moisture and brown slightly, about 5 more minutes. Season with a pinch of salt.
Make the sauce base: Sprinkle flour over the veggies and stir for 1 minute to form a paste. Slowly whisk in the broth, then the milk, stirring constantly to avoid lumps.
Bring to a gentle simmer and cook 3–4 minutes until slightly thickened.
Flavor it: Stir in Dijon, garlic powder, thyme, and a few grinds of black pepper. Taste and adjust salt. Off the heat, whisk in sour cream (and cheese if using) until smooth and glossy.
Combine: In a large bowl, fold together the cooked noodles, drained tuna, peas, and the sauce.
Mix gently so the tuna stays flaky and the noodles don’t break.
Prepare the topping: Melt the remaining 2 tablespoons butter. Toss with crushed crackers or panko and a pinch of salt and pepper until coated.
Assemble: Transfer the noodle mixture to the baking dish. Sprinkle the buttery crumbs evenly on top.
Bake: Bake 18–22 minutes, until bubbly around the edges and the topping is golden.
If you want extra color, broil for 1–2 minutes at the end—watch closely.
Rest and serve: Let it sit 5–10 minutes. Garnish with parsley or chives. Serve warm with a simple green salad or steamed veggies.