Preheat and prep: Heat the oven to 375°F (190°C). Lightly spray a loaf pan with oil, or line a sheet pan with parchment if you prefer a free-form loaf.
Sweat the aromatics: In a nonstick skillet over medium heat, cook the onion with a pinch of salt for 3–4 minutes until softened.
Add garlic and cook 30 seconds more. Let cool slightly. This step builds flavor and avoids raw onion bite.
Prep the spinach: If using fresh, chop it finely.
If using frozen, thaw and squeeze out as much water as possible. Excess moisture can make the loaf loose.
Mix the wet ingredients: In a large bowl, whisk together the egg whites, tomato paste, Dijon, and Worcestershire until smooth.
Add the seasonings: Stir in smoked paprika, Italian seasoning, red pepper flakes (if using), salt, and black pepper.
Combine the base: Add the ground turkey, cooled onions and garlic, chopped spinach, and oats. Gently mix with clean hands or a spatula just until combined. Do not overmix or the meatloaf can turn dense.
Shape the loaf: Transfer to the prepared pan or form a loaf shape on the sheet pan, about 8 inches long.
Smooth the top and sides.
Top it: Spread the ketchup thinly over the top for color and a hint of sweetness. For a low-sugar option, use sugar-free ketchup or thin tomato paste with a splash of water.
Bake: Cook for 40–55 minutes, depending on thickness and leanness. Start checking at 40 minutes. Internal temperature should reach 165°F (74°C).
Rest and slice: Let the meatloaf rest 10 minutes before slicing.
This helps it set and stay juicy.